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What You Should to Know About Facial Angiofibromas

  • Facial Angiofibromas are benign cutaneous tumors. When they are multiple and have a symmetrical distribution on face, involving the cheeks, nasolabial folds and chin, angiofibromas are a hallmark of tuberous sclerosis complex  (TSC or Bourneville disease) . 
  • Multiple facial angiofibromas are also found a sign of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHD) and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. 
  • Facial angiofibromas affect equally both men and women.



Clinical Presentation

  • Angiofibromas are small, solitary, dome-shaped, skin-colored or red papules is the classic presentation of facial angiofibromas. On the surface of the papule, we can see little telangiectatic vessels. 
  • They're most commonly found on the central face, around the nose, and on the malar eminences. Lesions may bleed, alter the vision, and cause emotional stress
  • Pearly penile papules are little papules that are pearly white, dome-shaped, and densely aggregated on the head of the penis in like a corona.
  • Periungual Angiofibromas appear in early adulthood, on the lateral and the proximal nail fold. They can be painful. They cause a nail to be distorted.
  • Oral fibromas occur on the gingiva, buccal and labial mucosa and the tongue (rare).


Diagnosis

  • Angiofibroma is diagnosed using a combination of history, physical examination, and skin biopsy. If you suspect that your patients have Tuberous sclerosis complex, MEN-1, or Birt-Hogg-Dube, you should get genetic testing done as well as a thorough workup to look for malignancies related to those illnesses.

Treatment of Facial Angiofibromas

  • Multiple Facial angiofibromas don't improve spontaneously. 
  • For the disfiguring, patients demand usually to be treated. There are many options for the treatment of facial angiofibroma
  • Destructive approaches such as dermabrasion, surgical excision, and laser therapy.
  • Recentely, several studies cited that topical rapamycin can be an effective treatment for facial angiofibroma associated with Tuberous Sclerosis.


Conclusion

Facial angiofibromas are benign tumors presenting as dome-shaped, firm, pink papules on the nose and adjoining central face.  

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